PERIOPERATIVE ANAPHYLAXIS: EARLY RECOGNITION, ETIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS, AND MANAGEMENT. CASE REPORT
Keywords:
Anaphylaxis; Anesthesia; Hypersensitivity; Perioperative period; Tryptase; EpinephrineAbstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/yc.v10i18.0807
Abstract
Background: Perioperative anaphylaxis is a time-critical, potentially fatal emergency. Because general anesthesia and surgical drapes may mask cutaneous signs, refractory hypotension, bronchospasm and/or cardiovascular collapse often become the first clues. Aetiological diagnosis requires a structured approach combining clinical features, serial tryptase measurement and delayed allergy testing. Case report: We describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to an immediate hypersensitivity reaction during general anesthesia in a 35-year-old patient, with respiratory and hemodynamic compromise, successfully managed with titrated intravenous epinephrine, crystalloid resuscitation and supportive care. Acute serum tryptase was elevated and later normalized, supporting mast cell activation. Subsequent allergy work-up identified the most likely trigger and informed recommendations for future anesthesia. Conclusions: Early recognition, prompt epinephrine administration and adequate volume replacement are key outcome determinants. Timely tryptase sampling and referral to allergy specialists enable mechanism confirmation, trigger identification and recurrence prevention.
Keywords: Anaphylaxis; Anesthesia; Hypersensitivity; Perioperative period; Tryptase; Epinephrine.
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