Gaona-Aponte et al. (2025)
consulted until October 29, 2025. Studies were included that compared devices
(
videolaryngoscopy [VL] vs. direct laryngoscopy [DL]; endotracheal intubation [EI] vs. extraglottic
devices [EGD]), techniques (induction, oxygenation), or surgical approaches, and that reported
clinical outcomes (success on first attempt, hypoxemia, mortality, neurological outcomes). Due to
heterogeneity, the synthesis was narrative. Results: Ten studies (observational and trials) with
trauma populations were included, including the NEAR registry and the TraumaRegister DGU®.
In trauma patients, VL showed a higher probability of success on the first attempt than DL. In the
prehospital setting, ETI did not demonstrate superiority in mortality compared to second-
generation EGD in large cohorts; in severe TBI, an Australian RCT showed better neurological
outcome at 6 months with prehospital RSI by paramedics in a highly protocolized system.
Operator experience modified effects in TBI. Emergency cricothyroidotomy was uncommon but
effective when indicated. The choice of induction agent (ketamine vs. etomidate) showed no
consistent differences in mortality in the emergency population. Conclusions: In polytrauma, LV
should be considered first line for IET due to its greater success on the first attempt; the
prehospital strategy should prioritize safe oxygenation/ventilation and consider DEG when IET
delays evacuation or the operator is not an expert. RSI by trained teams may benefit severe TBI;
preparation, checklists, and a plan for surgical airway remain critical.
Keywords: Multiple trauma, Endotracheal intubation, Video laryngoscopy.
sistemática
resume
evidencia
1. Introducción
reciente para informar decisiones
sobre dispositivo, técnica y fármacos
en el politrauma.
El manejo avanzado de la vía aérea
(VA)
es
una
en
intervención
el paciente
tiempo‑crítica
politraumatizado. Las distorsiones
anatómicas, la restricción cervical, la
hipovolemia y la contaminación
hemática aumentan la dificultad
técnica y el riesgo de hipoxemia e
inestabilidad hemodinámica durante
la intubación. Sociedades como el
Western Trauma Association (WTA)
y la Eastern Association for the
2
. Metodología
Diseño: Revisión sistemática de
estudios comparativos.
Criterios de elegibilidad: Adultos
(
≥16
años)
con
trauma
mayor/politrauma que requirieron
manejo avanzado de VA (IET, DEG
o vía aérea quirúrgica) en ámbito
prehospitalario o intrahospitalario;
estudios comparativos (ensayos,
cohortes) que reportaran al menos
uno de los siguientes desenlaces:
éxito al primer intento (EPI),
hipoxemia peri‑intubación, eventos
Surgery
of
Trauma
(EAST)
recomiendan
escalonados
exhaustiva,
algoritmos
con
preparación
de
optimización
oxigenación y un plan de rescate
quirúrgico cuando las técnicas
estándar fallen. Esta revisión
1550