López-Zurita et al. (2026)
Abstract
Background: Cell-based regenerative endodontics aims to restore vascularized, innervated and
dentin-forming pulp tissue through the integration of stem/progenitor cells, scaffolds and bioactive
signals. Objective: To assess the clinical and radiographic effectiveness and safety of intracanal
stem/progenitor cell transplantation in mature and immature permanent teeth. Methods: An
updated systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020. A systematic review
covering evidence through January 2023 was used as the index review, followed by a targeted
update from February 2023 to July 13, 2026 using MEDLINE/PubMed, Europe PMC, trial
registries and citation tracking. Human trials, case series and case reports involving intracanal
transplantation of isolated viable cells were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed with RoB 2 and
JBI tools. Owing to substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis
was performed. Results: Ten clinical publications were included: two controlled trials, one pilot
study/case series and seven case reports or small series, representing approximately 91
participants or treated teeth. Interventions used autologous dental pulp stem cells, cultured
human dental pulp cells or allogeneic umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells, delivered with
cell aggregates, atelocollagen, platelet-poor plasma, platelet-rich fibrin, liquid-phase concentrated
growth factor, G-CSF or demineralized dentin matrix. Trials reported partial recovery of sensibility
and perfusion, periapical lesion reduction and, in immature teeth, continued root development.
Descriptive studies reported pulp-like magnetic resonance signals, mineralized tissue formation
and no serious adverse events. Overall certainty was low or very low because of small samples,
predominance of uncontrolled reports, surrogate outcomes and lack of histological confirmation.
Conclusions: Cell-based pulp regeneration is promising but remains experimental. Current
evidence is insufficient to support routine replacement of conventional endodontic treatment.
Multicenter trials, standardized manufacturing and delivery protocols, validated outcome sets,
long-term follow-up and cost-effectiveness analyses are required.
Keywords: dental pulp; stem cells; tissue engineering; regenerative endodontics; dental pulp
stem cells; dentin-pulp regeneration.
superar esta limitación y procurar la
1. Introducción
reparación o regeneración de las
estructuras dañadas del complejo
dentino-pulpar [1].
La pérdida irreversible de la vitalidad
pulpar continúa tratándose, en la
práctica
eliminación del tejido enfermo, la
desinfección del sistema de
clínica,
mediante
la
Desde la perspectiva de la ingeniería
tisular, la regeneración requiere la
interacción coordinada de tres
componentes: células competentes,
un andamio tridimensional y señales
moleculares. Las células madre de
pulpa dental (dental pulp stem cells,
conductos y su obturación con
materiales inertes. Aunque este
enfoque controla la infección y
conserva el diente, no restituye las
funciones biológicas de la pulpa:
vigilancia inmunitaria, nutrición,
sensibilidad, regulación de la presión
tisular y formación de dentina. La
endodoncia regenerativa surgió para
DPSC)
clonogénica, autorrenovación
diferenciación odontoblástica,
además de efectos paracrinos
poseen
capacidad
y
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